The Ultimate Guide to Mechanical Keyboards

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The Ultimate Guide to Mechanical Keyboards

Are you tired of the mushy feel of your standard keyboard? Get ready to explore the world of mechanical keyboards. This guide will take you through the details of these keyboards, from their history to how to take care of them. This comprehensive guide is here to help you find the perfect typing companion.


Key Takeaways

  • Explore the different types of mechanical keyboard switches, including linear, tactile, and clicky options12
  • Understand the benefits of mechanical keyboards, such as customization, durability, and ergonomic advantages
  • Discover the wide range of keyboard layouts and sizes, from full-size to compact designs1
  • Learn about the various keycap materials, profiles, and customization options to personalize your keyboard
  • Gain insights on building and modifying your own custom mechanical keyboard
  • Explore the vibrant mechanical keyboard community and resources for enthusiasts
  • Uncover maintenance tips to keep your mechanical keyboard in top condition

What is a Mechanical Keyboard?

Mechanical keyboards use special switches under each key to register presses. This is different from the single membrane in most keyboards3. This design makes them more tactile and responsive, making them a favorite for many users4.

These keyboards come with various switch types, like linear, tactile, and clicky. Each type gives a unique feel and sound4.

Mechanical Switch Types

The Cherry MX switch is the most common type, thanks to its long-standing market lead3. But, brands like Kailh from China are now offering alternatives3. These switches are identified by color, like linear, tactile, or clicky3.

Physical Switch Differences

Cherry MX and similar switches are labeled by color to show their actuation force in cN units3. For beginners, Cherry MX switches are a good choice3. Topre switches, made in Japan, also offer a unique feel but are pricier3.



"Mechanical keyboards offer a range of tactility that is unavailable with rubber dome keyboards."3
Key Switch Characteristic Description
Actuation Point The point at which the switch registers a key press
Actuation Force The amount of force required to activate the switch
Key Travel The distance the key can be pressed down before the switch is activated

Since gamers discovered their benefits, mechanical keyboards have become more popular. Yet, rubber dome keyboards are still favored for their affordability3. Mechanical keyboards, however, offer a unique tactility not found in rubber dome keyboards34.

Benefits of Mechanical Keyboards

Mechanical keyboards have many advantages over membrane keyboards. Mechanical keyboards can last over a decade, more than twice as long as other models.5 They also offer a customizable typing experience. You can pick switch types, keycaps, and more to fit your style5.

Mechanical keyboards use various key switches for different feedback and sounds, giving a springy, responsive feel. This boosts speed and accuracy.5 This makes them great for heavy typists, increasing productivity and comfort5.

Even though they cost more, their durability and long life make them a smart buy5. Mechanical keyboards can handle tens of millions of keypresses, lasting much longer than membrane keyboards.6 They also offer ergonomic benefits, making typing more comfortable5.

The mechanical keyboard community is active and passionate, sharing tips and organizing events5. These keyboards let you customize with interchangeable keycaps and adjustments5. Plus, many have hot-swappable PCBs for easy changes without soldering5.

Mechanical keyboards offer a great typing experience with satisfying feedback and sounds, thanks to different key switches.6 From Cherry MX to Topre switches, there's a wide range of feels to choose from6.

mechanical keyboard

In summary, mechanical keyboards are a top choice for those wanting a personalized, durable, and comfy typing experience. They're perfect for heavy typists, gamers, or anyone who values quality and customization56.

Switch Types Explained

When it comes to mechanical keyboards, there are three main switch types: linear, tactile, and clicky. Each type offers a unique feel and sound. Understanding these switch types can help users find the perfect typing experience for their needs7.

Linear Switches

Linear switches give a smooth, consistent feel with no tactile feedback. The keypress goes straight down without a bump or click. This makes them great for gaming, where quick and smooth keypresses are key7. Cherry MX Red and Razer Yellow switches are popular choices, known for their light actuation forces8.

Tactile Switches

Tactile switches have a distinct "bump" during the keypress. This bump gives a more engaging typing experience, letting users feel the switch register the input. They're often chosen for general productivity and typing tasks7. Cherry MX Brown switches are a top pick, with a moderate actuation force8.

Clicky Switches

Clicky switches offer both tactile feedback and an audible "click" sound. This gives a clear and satisfying typing experience. Clicky switches are loved by those who enjoy the sound and feel of their keystrokes7. Cherry MX Blue switches are a classic example, known for their strong actuation force8.

Most mechanical keyboards last for at least 100 million keystrokes, making them durable8. The choice between linear, tactile, and clicky switches depends on personal preference and the keyboard's use.



Switch Type Actuation Force Actuation Distance Tactile Feedback Audible Feedback
Cherry MX Black 60 cN N/A No No
Cherry MX Red 45 cN N/A No No
Cherry MX Blue 60 cN N/A Yes Yes
Cherry MX Brown 55 cN N/A Yes No
Razer Green 50 g 1.9 mm Yes Yes
Razer Orange 45 g 1.9 mm Yes No
Razer Yellow 45 g 1.2 mm No No
Romer-G Tactile 45 g 1.5 mm Yes No
Romer-G Linear 45 g 1.5 mm No No
"The choice between linear, tactile, and clicky switches ultimately comes down to personal preference and the intended use of the keyboard."

Keyboard Layouts and Sizes

Mechanical keyboards come in many sizes and layouts to fit different needs and preferences. You can choose from full-size keyboards with a numeric keypad to smaller 60% and 65% boards. The right size depends on how much desk space you have and what you need from your keyboard9. Some people prefer arrow keys, while others like a smaller keyboard9.

Over a hundred years have passed since the first typewriters, leading to today's customizable RGB keyboards10. The MIT Space-Cadet Keyboard from the 1960s introduced special function keys, shaping today's keyboards10.

Popular sizes include full-size, Tenkeyless (TKL), 60%, 75%, and 65% keyboards910. Each size offers different levels of compactness and features, meeting various user needs910.

There are also unique keyboards like ortholinear boards, split keyboards, and macropads9. These cater to specific ergonomic needs and personal tastes, giving users many options9.

keyboard layouts

Knowing about keycap, key switch, and key matrix is key to understanding mechanical keyboards10. Learning about different keyboard sizes and their features helps users pick the best one for them910.

Keycaps and Customization

The world of mechanical keyboards is all about customization options for keycaps. These small parts change how the keyboard feels and looks. Fans of mechanical keyboards love to collect different keycap sets to match their style11.

Keycap Materials

Keycaps are made from ABS and PBT, each with its own traits. ABS keycaps are smooth and bright, while PBT keycaps last longer and don't shine as much11. Some people also like POM and metal keycaps for a unique feel and look11.

Keycap Profiles

The shape and height of a keycap affect how you type. You can find OEM, Cherry, and SA profiles, each with its own feel. OEM and Cherry keycaps are medium height with a slight angle11. SA keycaps are taller and more sculpted11.

Flat and "Chiclet" keycaps offer different experiences. Flat keycaps have a flat surface, and "Chiclet" keycaps look uniform and don't stick out much11.

Customizing keycaps is a big reason why people love mechanical keyboards. You can find everything from classic designs to unique ones like PBTfans Basin set and POM Jelly Keycaps Rainbow kit11. Whether you type a lot, code, or play games, the right keycaps can make your keyboard better11.

Keycap Profile Characteristics
OEM Medium height, slightly sculpted, angled top11
Cherry Medium height, less aggressive sculpting11
SA Tallest profile, more sculptable, angled and concave top11
Flat Flat surface, no angled or convex shapes11
"Chiclet" Uniform look, barely rises from the keyboard's surface11
keycap profiles
"The ability to customize keycaps is a major draw of the mechanical keyboard hobby, with enthusiasts often amassing collections of different sets to swap in and out."

Keyboard Plates and Mounting Styles

The way a mechanical keyboard's plate and PCB are mounted affects the sound and feel of typing12. Enthusiasts try different styles to find the best mix of flex, sound, and feel12.

Tray Mount

In a tray mount, the plate and PCB are fastened to the keyboard's bottom with screws12. This style gives a stiff and solid typing feel, with less flex.

Gasket Mount

The gasket mount uses rubber gaskets between the plate and the keyboard's sides12. This setup gives a soft, cushioned feel and a unique sound.

Top and Bottom Mount

Top and bottom mounts attach the plate to the keyboard's top or bottom12. These styles make typing feel flexible and responsive, with the plate between the case parts.

Choosing a mount style changes the keyboard's feel, but it's just one part of building a keyboard12. Other choices like layout, plate material, switches, and customizations also affect the mount's quality12. For example, a gasket mount with a brass plate is stiffer than a sandwich mount with polycarbonate12. Finding the best keyboard means trying different parts to match your preferences12.

Mounting Style Description
Tray Mount Secures PCB to the bottom housing on several screw-in pins12.
Top Mount Secures the plate to the top housing of the keyboard12.
Bottom Mount Secures the plate to the bottom housing of the keyboard12.
Sandwich Mount Uses screws passing through the bottom housing, plate, and top housing to hold the plate12.
Integrated Plate Plate and top housing are integrated, providing a rigid and solid feel12.
Gasket Mount Utilizes gasket material between the plate and keyboard housing on both top and bottom sides for a slightly cushioned feel12.
keyboard plates and mounting styles

The plate sits above the PCB and holds the switches in place13. You can choose from materials like aluminum, PC, brass, steel, FR4, POM, and carbon fiber for the plate13. Metal plates give a stiffer feel and a high-pitched sound, while plastic plates offer a softer feel and a lower sound13.

Metal plates, like aluminum and brass, make typing feel stiff and sound high-pitched14. FR4 plates are quiet and flexible, thanks to their high-density material14. Polycarbonate plates are soft and light, with a lower sound, and POM absorbs sound for a quieter keyboard14.

"The choice of mounting style greatly impacts the keyboard's experience but is just one of many critical decisions in the build process."12
  • Tray Mount: Secures PCB to the bottom housing on several screw-in pins12.
  • Top Mount: Secures the plate to the top housing of the keyboard12.
  • Bottom Mount: Secures the plate to the bottom housing of the keyboard12.
  • Sandwich Mount: Uses screws passing through the bottom housing, plate, and top housing to hold the plate12.
  • Integrated Plate: Plate and top housing are integrated, providing a rigid and solid feel12.
  • Gasket Mount: Utilizes gasket material between the plate and keyboard housing on both top and bottom sides for a slightly cushioned feel12.

Choosing the right plate material and mounting style is key to a great typing experience121314.

Building a Custom Mechanical Keyboard

Making a custom mechanical keyboard from scratch is a fun project for keyboard enthusiasts15. You'll need tools like a precision screwdriver kit, lubricants, and a switch opener15. Other important tools include a stem holder, a keycap puller, tweezers, and a USB cable15. For no-foam builds, you'll also need a platefork15. If you plan to solder, make sure you have a soldering iron and solder ready15.

Hot-swap vs. Soldered

Choosing between a hot-swappable or soldered PCB is a big decision for your custom mechanical keyboard15. Hot-swappable boards make it easy to change switches without desoldering, making them great for beginners16. Soldered boards are more permanent and compact but need more skill to change16.

Think about the keyboard layout and how you'll mount it when building16. Popular layouts include 60%, TKL, and Full-size, with 65%, 75%, and 1800 layouts also favored16. Mounting styles range from Top Mount to Integrated Plate Mount, with Gasket and Tray Mount options too16.

Putting together a custom mechanical keyboard involves several steps15. First, prepare the keyboard parts. Then, test the PCB, install switches and stabilizers, and put the case together15. Pay attention to how it feels, sounds, and works throughout the process15.

"Building a custom mechanical keyboard is a rewarding experience that allows you to create a unique and personalized typing experience."

With the right steps and tools, keyboard fans can make a custom mechanical keyboard that fits their style and needs1516.

Lubing and Modding Switches

Mechanical keyboard fans often take their keyboards up a notch by lubing and modding their switches17. Lubrication cuts down on switch noise and makes typing smoother18. Modding, like adding films or changing springs, lets users tailor the feel of each switch. These customizations help make keyboards just right for personal preferences.

The Benefits of Lubrication

Lubrication is a top choice for mechanical keyboard switches17. CHERRY MX, the oldest switch brand, started in 1954 and introduced its Cherry MX switch in 1983, selling over 6 billion switches worldwide17. Gateron, with over 15 years of experience, is famous for its smooth switches and works well with MX-style keycaps17. A thin layer of lubricant, like Krytox or Tribosys, on switch parts reduces friction, cuts down noise, and makes typing smoother.

Modding Switches for Customization

After lubing, mechanical keyboard fans often try various modding techniques to customize their switches18. Modifying keyboards to get unique sounds is a big deal in the mechanical keyboard world18. Modding can mean taking apart keyboards, lubing stabilizers, and using different lubricants for switches18. The guide stresses the need for the right tools, like precision screwdriver sets, for effective modding.

Adding switch films or changing springs can change the feel and sound of a switch17. Kailh, started in 2005, offers unique switches like Box, Speed, and Pro switches, which are water and dust resistant17. Razer, also founded in 2005, has three switch types - linear, tactile, and clicky, known for better stability and lasting longer than Cherry MX switches17. Outemu, started in 2004, offers affordable switches with various options like low-profile, dust-proof, ice, silent, and cream switches17. CIY, founded in 2016, provides MX clone switches and is known for quality and style while being budget-friendly.

Knowing the parts of a mechanical switch helps enthusiasts choose the best mods for their taste17. The stem, spring, upper, and lower housing, and Crosspoint contact are key to a switch's feel and performance17. Springs can be linear, progressive, or two-stage, affecting how the key presses, activates, and resets17. The housing holds all the switch parts together and affects the keys' vibration, sound, and stability.

18 Over the past two years, the mechanical keyboard hobby has grown, making custom keyboards and mods more popular18. Terms like Thock, clack, hollowness, ping, lube, stem, stabilizer, plate, bottom-out, PCB, hot-swap sockets, flex, and mounting styles are key in the mechanical keyboard world.

Careful Lubrication is Key

18 Lubing stabilizers is key for a custom keyboard's sound18. Prepping and lubing stabilizers with lubricants like Dielectric Grease, Krytox 205g0, or Glorious G Lube is essential18. Fine-tipped syringes help with precision lubing of stabilizers that are hard to get to18. It's important to apply lubricants carefully to avoid over-lubing, which can mess with stabilizer performance.

Understanding switch lubrication and modding lets mechanical keyboard fans customize their typing experience to new heights.

ultimate guide to mechanical keyboards

This guide takes you through the world of mechanical keyboards. It covers everything from the basics of switch types to customization options. It's perfect for those who love typing, coding, or gaming.

Mechanical keyboards give a unique typing feel. Cherry MX switches, the top choice, have linear, tactile, and clicky types. Each type offers different feedback and speed.19 Gateron and Kailh switches are cheaper and last longer, similar to Cherry MX.19 Razer switches have Green, Orange, and Yellow types, each with its own feel19.

Customizing mechanical keyboards is easy. You can swap out keycaps for your style, choosing from many materials and designs.20 There are various keyboard sizes and layouts, from full-size to compact 60% models, to fit everyone's needs21.

But it's not just about looks and customizing. These keyboards have strong cases, long-lasting PBT keycaps, smooth stabilizers, and RGB lights for a great typing feel.20 Many keyboards let you swap switches easily without soldering and can be fully programmed with software like VIA.20

If you're new to mechanical keyboards or already a fan, this guide has lots of info. It helps you pick the best one for your needs.

Keyboard Communities and Resources

The world of mechanical keyboards is alive with passion and knowledge. Enthusiasts share their insights and creations online. Sites like r/MechanicalKeyboards on Reddit, YouTube channels like Taeha Types, and forums are full of info for mechanical keyboard enthusiasts. These places are great for those wanting to learn more about custom and enthusiast-grade mechanical keyboards.

These forums and subreddits are buzzing with activity. You'll find guides on switches and keycaps, DIY tips, and custom builds. Mechanical keyboard YouTube channels offer tutorials, reviews, and build guides for all levels. Blogs focus on the latest trends and innovations in the mechanical keyboard world.

"The mechanical keyboard community is a rich tapestry of creativity, knowledge, and shared passion. It's a place where enthusiasts come together to push the boundaries of what a keyboard can be."

If you're new to mechanical keyboards or already a pro, the online keyboard enthusiast communities are great places to start. They offer a chance to learn, explore, and meet others who share your interest.

Mechanical Keyboard Maintenance

Keeping your mechanical keyboard in top shape is key for smooth and lasting use. Regular mechanical keyboard cleaning, lubrication, and troubleshooting are musts to make your investment last longer22.

It's wise to do a deep clean every 1-2 months22. This keeps away dust and ensures your typing stays smooth. You'll need a screwdriver, isopropyl alcohol, a small bowl, a vacuum, toothbrush, long keyboard brush, and an ultra-fine microfiber cloth22.

Not just cleaning, sometimes you'll need to fix or troubleshoot your keyboard too. Issues like stuck or chattering keys can happen. Keeping the stabilizers in check and lubricating switches helps fix these problems and keeps your keyboard working great23.

Maintenance Technique Description
Cleaning Regular cleaning to remove dust and debris, using cleaning solutions carefully, and maintaining the cleanliness of the keyboard.
Lubrication Applying lubricant to the mechanical switches and stabilizers to ensure smooth and responsive key presses.
Troubleshooting Identifying and resolving issues such as stuck or chattering keys, ensuring the keyboard is functioning properly.

By sticking to these best practices for mechanical keyboard maintenance, you can make your mechanical keyboard last longer. Enjoy smooth and satisfying typing for years ahead2223.

Conclusion

This guide to mechanical keyboards has shown us many options for both new and experienced users. If you're looking for mechanical keyboard recommendations, the best mechanical keyboards, or a detailed mechanical keyboard buyers guide, you've found a great resource24.

There are many switch types, like linear, tactile, and clicky, from brands like Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh24. You can also customize your keyboard with different keycaps and layouts. This hobby lets you make your typing better and show off your style24.

When thinking about final thoughts on mechanical keyboards, remember it's all about what you need and like. With what you've learned here, you can easily pick the right mechanical keyboard for you. Whether it's your first, a mid-range, or a top-of-the-line model, you'll find the perfect one2425.

FAQ

What is a mechanical keyboard?

A mechanical keyboard uses special switches under each key. This is different from regular keyboards that use a single layer of rubber. It makes typing feel more precise and enjoyable.

What are the main types of mechanical switch?

There are three main types of mechanical switches: linear, tactile, and clicky. Linear switches feel smooth and don't give any feedback. Tactile switches give a clear bump when pressed, but you don't hear a click. Clicky switches make a sound when pressed, offering both feel and sound feedback.

What are the benefits of using a mechanical keyboard?

Mechanical keyboards are more customizable and durable than regular ones. You can pick your favorite switch type and keycaps. They also last longer and can make typing more comfortable and efficient.

What are the different keyboard layout sizes and configurations?

Mechanical keyboards come in various sizes, from full-size with a number pad to smaller 60% and 65% layouts. The right size depends on your space, need for arrow keys, and preference for a minimalist look.

What are the different keycap materials and profiles?

Keycaps can be made from many materials like ABS, PBT, and even metal. Profiles like Cherry, OOM, and SA change the height and shape of the keys. This lets users customize their keyboard's look and feel.

What are the different keyboard mounting styles?

Mounting styles affect the keyboard's sound and feel. Common styles include tray mount, gasket mount, and top/bottom mount. Each style changes the typing experience.

What is involved in building a custom mechanical keyboard?

Building a custom keyboard is a fun project. You'll need tools like a soldering iron and tweezers. Deciding between a hot-swappable or soldered PCB is a key step. Hot-swappable boards are easier to change, while soldered boards are more permanent.

What is the process of lubing and modding mechanical switches?

Lubing and modding switches can improve their performance. Lubricants reduce noise and make typing smoother. Modding can change the switch's feel by adding films or springs.

Where can I find resources and communities for mechanical keyboards?

The mechanical keyboard community is active online. Websites like r/MechanicalKeyboards on Reddit and YouTube channels like Taeha Types offer guides and inspiration. These resources help users learn and share their love for mechanical keyboards.

How do I maintain and care for my mechanical keyboard?

Keeping your keyboard in good shape is important. Clean the keys and case, and lubricate switches and stabilizers. Following these care tips will keep your keyboard working well and feeling great.

Source Links

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  15. https://www.alexotos.com/how-to-build-a-mechanical-keyboard/ - How to Build a Custom Keyboard - A Simple Guide - alexotos
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